Background: Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is an inflammatory disease with increasing incidence. When it occurs\nwith diabetes mellitus (DM), the risk of recurrence and mortality may increase. However, the effect of DM on the\nshort-term prognosis of PLA patients after hospitalization remained unknown.\nMethods: Two hundred twenty-seven PLA patients who received treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiâ??an\nJiaotong University from January 2011 to January 2018 were retrospectively enrolled. They were divided into two\ngroups as the DM group (n = 61) and the Non-DM group (n = 166). In the DM group, HbA1C level < 7% was\nconsidered to be good-control of glycaemia (n = 23). The clinical characteristics and overall short-term survival were\nanalyzed.\nResults: The proportion of PLA patients with DM was 26.87%. In the DM group, there was a higher incidence of\nhypertension and Candida spp. infection. Conservative administration and percutaneous drainage were mainly used\nin patients with good- (60.87%) and poor-control (60.53%) of glycaemia, respectively. During follow-up, 24 (10.57%)\ndied due to uncontrolled systemic infections and other serious complications. Compared with PLA patients without\nDM, patients in the DM group had significantly increased 6-month mortality rate after discharge (Log-Rank test, P =\n0.021). Poor-control of glycaemia did not reduce the six-month survival, while the recurrence rate of PLA within 3\nmonths showed an almost 3-fold increase (13.16% vs. 4.35%). Further multivariate analyses found that DM was the\nonly independent risk factor for the PLA six-month survival (odds ratio [OR]: 3.019, 95% confidence interval [CI]:\n1.138â??8.010, P = 0.026). However, the blood glucose level had no significant effect on the short-term survival of PLA\npatients with DM (Log-Rank test, P = 0.218).
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